1360 - 17 oktober 1428) wurdt yn it generaal beskôge as de grutste Russyske skilder fan ikoanen ea. the house, the tree, and the mountain. Педагогика искусства: электрон. At the time of Rublev, the Holy Trinity was the embodiment of spiritual unity, peace, harmony, mutual love and humility.[6]. Brustbild des Erzengels Michael (Ikone von Andrej Rubljow; 15. М., 1983, с. The Trinity was painted on a vertically aligned board. The dating of The Trinity is uncertain. 16–18. Yury Olsufyev was the leader of the team which also included Igor Grabar, Alexander Anisimov, Alexis Gritchenko, and the Works of Art Protection Committee under the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, which included Yury Olsufyev himself, Pavel Florensky, Pavel Kapterev. [32] These documents are kept in the Tretyakov Gallery archives. Наше наследие 4 (1988): 25–26. - Breite: 9 cm. By 1425 the stone Trinity Cathedral was erected, which still stands today. Анисимов А. И. Научная реставрация и «Рублевский вопрос». The director was accused of committing a misfeasance. However it had a certain reputation due to the fact that it was believed to be the very icon from The Book of One Hundred Chapters. Icons were taken out of the rizas that used to cover them almost completely except for faces and hands and then cleaned. [2] The question of when the conversation with Nikon occurred remains open. Биография. Andrej Rublev, používá se též transkripcí převedený tvar Rubljov, rusky Андрей Рублёв, (1360? The Trinity ended up in the Zagorsk National Park & Museum of History and Arts. Rublev's art was underneath them. The figures of angels are arranged so that the lines of their bodies form a full circle. Die Deutung des Werkes ist vielschichtig. [30] However, they most likely intended to point out the high quality of the painting because none of them claimed that it was created under the influence of the Italians. The committee of restorers of the Tretyakov Gallery deliberated at length on various suggestions of how to further strengthen the icon, and on 10 November 2008 the committee concluded that the present, stable condition of the icon is not to be interfered with in any circumstance. 61–62. Oktober 2020 um 01:49 Uhr bearbeitet. a golden riza was commissioned by him and added to the icon. Произведения. М., 1857, с. Rublev was first called the author of a Trinity icon in the middle of the 16th-century text The Book of One Hundred Chapters. Jahrhunderts schließen lässt. A new riza copied that of Ivan the Terrible, while the original was moved to the new copy of The Trinity painted specifically for that purpose. It was then decided to strengthen the layer of gesso and the layer of paint with mastic, and fill the gap with it. [6] The starting point of the divine administration is the creative Will of God, therefore Rublev places the Abraham's house above the corresponding angel's head. [20] But neither Life of St. Sergius, the hagiographical account of his life, nor Life of St. Nikon mention The Trinity icon, it is only written the decoration of the Cathedral in 1425–1427. Es wird u. a. als ein Appell an die Einigkeit während einer Zeit voller Konflikte unter den Fürsten interpretiert. Wir haben den Markt von getesteten Rubljow ikone als auch die nötigen Merkmale welche du brauchst. Sergius Golubtsov, Ikona jivonachal’noy Troitsy [The icon of live-creating Trinity]. Erlöser in den himmlischen Mächten Staatliche Tretjakow-Galerie 1408: Himmelfahrt Christi [21] On the other hand, The Trinity demonstrates firmness and perfection which was unmatched even by the best of Trinity Cathedral's icons painted between 1425 and 1427. It contains a lot of semi-legendary stories, including a mention that Nikon of Radonezh, the pupil of Sergius of Radonezh, asked Andrei Rublev "to paint the image of the Holy Trinity to honour the father Sergius". Nadal je v semifinále Turnaje mistrů, Tsitsipase zdolal ve třech setech aktualizováno 19. listopadu 2020 Závěrečnými zápasy skupiny Londýn 2020 … A lot of different icons and frescoes were attributed to him, e.g. • Gabriel Bunge: Der andere Paraklet. The background and the margins were coloured brown, golden inscription were new. Die Dreifaltigkeits-Ikone von Andrej Rubljow . Ru­bljow wurde wohl vor 1405 Mönch mit dem Or­dens­na­men An­d­rej, er gilt als Schü­ler von Ser­gius von Ra­do­nezh. Heute ist die Ikone in der Tretjakow-Galerie in Moskau ausgestellt. Источники. In some cases, the new painter kept the proportions and the composition of the original, but in other cases, the painter copied the theme but made adjustments to the proportions of the figures and the poses and changed other details. Little is known about The Trinity's history, and art historians make suggestions based on only the few known facts. All stages of the cleaning were recorded in detail in the Diary. Mehr sehen » Asteroid Als Asteroiden (von), Kleinplaneten oder Planetoiden werden astronomische Kleinkörper bezeichnet, die sich auf keplerschen Umlaufbahnen um die Sonne bewegen, größer als Meteoroiden (Millimeter bis Meter), aber kleiner als Zwergplaneten (tausend Kilometer) sind. 1904. godine otkrivena je njegova čuvena ikona Starozavetna Trojica, slikana oko 1410-1420. godine. He blesses the cup, yet his hand is painted in a distance, as if he passes the cup to the central angel. [29] Viktor Lazarev compared it to the works of Piero della Francesca. Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon, Artikel/Artikelanfang im Internet-Archive, https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrei_Rubljow_(Ikonenmaler)&oldid=204300841, Person als Namensgeber für einen Asteroiden, „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“. It continued to serve to those who studied this painter's style as one of his main works of art". Историческое описание Свято-Троицкия Сергиевы лавры. [13] The wings of the Holy Spirit do not touch the Son's wings, they are imperceptibly divided by the Son's spear. Compared to other icons such as Theotokos of Vladimir or Our Lady of Kazan The Trinity was not particularly revered, because there was nothing special about it, it was not "miracle-working" or myrrh-streaming, and it didn't become a source for a large number of copies. [4][5] Scholars believe that it is one of only two works of art (the other being the Dormition Cathedral frescoes in Vladimir) that can be attributed to Rublev with any sort of certainty. В.). The Ancient Paintings Cleaning Committee of Russia took charge of the restoration in 1918. [7] Even the authorship of Rublev has been questioned. The figures gaze into eternity in the state of motionless contemplation. Методические рекомендации", Ю. Г. Мальков. (Горский А. Troitsa, also called The Hospitality of Abraham) is an icon created by Russian painter Andrei Rublev in the 15th century. The icon was commissioned to honour Saint Sergius of Radonezh of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, near Moscow, now in the town of Sergiyev Posad. Писати иконописцем иконы с древних переводов, како греческие иконописцы писали, и как писал Ондрей Рублев и прочие пресловущие иконописцы... Об обращении в музей историко-художественных ценностей Троице-Сергиевой лавры. [10] The icon was first mentioned in 1551 in The Book of One Hundred Chapters, the collection of Church laws and regulations made by the Stoglavy Synod. Gabriel Bunge, "The Rublev Trinity: The Icon of the Trinity by the Monk-Painter Andrei Rublev", Crestwood, NY, St. Vladimir's Seminary Press, 2007. Kein ‚Kunst’, sondern Ur-Bild christlichen Glaubens und mystischer Frömmigkeit . The blue colour of the Son's robe symbolizes divinity, the brown colour represents earth, his humanity, and the gold speaks of kingship of God. Als bescheidener Mönch, der sein Leben dem Malen von Fresken und Ikonen widmete, war Rubljow zu seiner Zeit respektiert und bekannt. The subject of The Trinity received various interpretations at different time periods, but by the 19th–20th century the consensus among scholars was the following: the three angels who visited Abraham represented the Christian Trinity, "one God in three persons" – the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. [17][33] Ilya Ostroukhov recommended him for the job. It depicts three angels sitting at a table. Official tennis player profile of Andrey Rublev on the ATP Tour. All the other staff, art critics and art historians were against it. [16] Another copy of the riza was made in 1926–28. Under normal conditions, the drying oil fully darkened in 30–90 years. The next was most likely finished by 1635, with the renewal of all monumental paintings and the iconostasis of the Trinity Lavra. At the same time, the angels are not inserted into the circle, but create it instead, thus our eyes can't stop at any of the three figures and rather dwell inside this limited space. Nevertheless, after cleaning of the icon art critics were so amazed by its beauty that some theories arose about it being created by an Italian painter. (John 17:21), The wings of two angels, the Father and the Son, interlap. Oktober 1428 an der Pest. The Trinity (Russian: Троица, tr. It is placed under a special show-window with perfect temperature and humidity conditions. The Russian ethnographer Ivan Snegiryov made a suggestion that The Trinity kept in the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius was in fact the icon of Rublev, who then was one of the few Russian icon painters known by name. — Археографический ежегодник за 1960 год. Outstanding works of art are supposed to be kept not inside churches for a narrow circle of parishioners to see, but in public museums. On 20 April 1920 the Council of People's Commissars issued a decree called About the Conversion of the Historical and Artistic Valuables of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius into a Museum (Russian: Об обращении в музей историко-художественных ценностей Троице-Сергиевой лавры). It was kept in the. It hints at the crucifixion sacrifice and serves as the reminder of the Eucharist (the left and the right angels' figures make a silhouette that resembles a cup). The angels were depicted as talking, not eating. Аудиоэкскурсия по Третьяковской Галерее // «Троица» Рублева. Der sowjetische Regisseur Andrei Tarkowski setzte dem Künstler mit seinem filmischen Meisterwerk Andrei Rubljow 1966 ein Denkmal. It was necessary to open it again. All angels' clothes were repainted in a lilac tone and whitewashed not with paint, but with gold; the table, the mountain and the house were repainted… There were only faces left on which it was possible to evaluate that this icon was ancient, but even they were shaded by brown oil paint.". It is his most famous work and the most famous of all Russian icons, and it is regarded as one of the highest achievements of Russian art. Троицы в Троицком соборе Свято-Троицко-Сергиевой лавры и их реставрация. Style analysis shows that it could have been created around 1408, because it is stylistically similar to his frescoes in the Dormition Cathedral (created roughly at the same time). The cleaning of The Trinity could theoretically reveal a perfect example of his style and help with the examination of the other icons that were attributed to him on the basis of legends or common belief.[17]. Guryanov's effort was panned even by his contemporaries. Die Dreifaltigkeitsikone (russisch троица, wiss. Živeo je u manastiru Sergijevska lavra blizu Moskve u zajednici slikara, među kojima su poznati Teofan Grk i Prohor iz Gorodeca. The next known source that mentions The Trinity is The Legend of the Saint Icon Painters (Russian: Сказание о святых иконописцах) compiled at the end of 17th century—the beginning of the 18th century. It says that the biblical Patriarch Abraham 'was sitting at the door of his tent in the heat of the day' by the Oak of Mamre and saw three men standing in front of him, who in the next chapter were revealed as angels. The elegance of his angels, the inclined heads motive, the rectangular shape of the meal were derived exactly from there".[8]. Changes were made to it at least as early as 1600, and most probably even earlier. It is believed that Nikon, who became the prior after the death of Sergius of Radonezh, sensed his forthcoming death, and invited Andrei Rublev and Daniel Chorny to finish the decoration of the recently built cathedral. At that time, the gap reached 2 mm at the top part of the icon and 1 mm on the face of the right angel. // Музей № 8. That restoration revealed most of Rublev's original work, but numerous traces of the work of Guryanov and of other centuries were preserved. 1411) begann eine Erforschung seines Werkes. науч. Айналов Д. В. История русской живописи от XVI по XIX столетие. Rubljow ikone - Unser Testsieger . At the turn of the 19th and 20th century, Russian iconography was "discovered" by art historians as a form of art. [11], The left angel symbolizes God the Father. Januar 1430 in Moskau) war ein russischer Ikonenmaler, und ist … It has left the Gallery only twice. 10. Москва, Советский художник, 1987. c.238–258, "Троица Рублёва, тихое озарение Сергиевской Руси", Semiotic systemity of visual artworks: Case study of The Holy Trinity by Rublev, A. Kriza, "Legitimizing the Rublev Trinity: Byzantine iconophile arguments in medieval Russian debates over the representation of the Divine," Byzantinoslavica 74 (2016) 134–152, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trinity_(Andrei_Rublev)&oldid=998331938, Paintings depicting figures from the Book of Genesis, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox artwork with the backcolor parameter, Articles containing Russian-language text, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The Godunov's copy, commissioned by Boris Godunov in 1598–1600 for the purpose of moving the Ivan the Terrible riza to it. The Baranov and Chirikov's copy, commissioned in 1926–28 for the International Icon Restoration Exhibition in 1929. 105—134. [32], At the beginning of the 20th century many icons were cleaned one by one, and many of them turned out to be masterpieces. Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 6. The icon painters were supposed to make the frescos and create the many-tiered iconostasis. Die Dreifaltigkeitsikone Andrei Rubljow (wiss. [10] The silent communion of the three angels is the centre of the composition. [34] As it became clear during another restoration in 1919, Guryanov didn't reach the original layer in some places. Д. Е. Кожанчикова. 'When he saw them, Abraham ran from the tent door to meet them and bowed himself to the earth.' He did not paint Abraham, Sarah, the scene of calf's slaughter, nor did he give any details on the meal. admin. The clearing was necessary because the icons were traditionally coated with a layer of drying oil. Andrei Rubljow (russisch Андрей Рублёв, wiss. However Valentin Yanin with an assistance of Yuri Melentyev, the Minister of Culture at that time, managed to meet with the President and made him change his mind. М.,1966. The Trinity was further renewed in 1777 at the times of the Metropolitan Platon, when the whole iconostasis was remade. Eugeny N. Trubetskoi, Russkaya ikonopis'. Various authors suggest different dates, such as 1408–1425, 1422–1423 or 1420–1427. Formålet med gamle-dage.dk er at gemme nogle indtryk og minder fra en svunden tid, som jeg mange gange tænker tilbage på med stor glæde. 17, Лазарев В. Н. Русская средневековая живопись. Rûbljovs ikoan fan de Hillige Trije-ienheid. [1] There are persistent gaps between the ground and paint layers, especially in the margins. This page was last edited on 4 January 2021, at 22:26. Die Komposition der Ikone zeigt die Szene aus der Bibel, in der drei Engel Sara und Abraham besuchen (Genesis 18,1–33 EU). Umetnost Andreja Rubljova, najboljeg ruskog slikara ikona je kombinacija dve tradicije: srednjovekovnog manastirskog asketizma i klasične harmonije vizantijskog slikarstva. Since 1997 the icon is moved every Pentecost from Andrei Rublev's room to the Tretyakov Gallery's church. By the Orthodox church tradition, the consecrated copy of an icon and the original (also called the protograph) are completely interchangeable.[1]. According to the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius archives, the icon was kept in the Trinity Cathedral since 1575. Huelin, Scott, "The Hospitality of Abraham: A Meditation," SEEN Journal 14/2 (spring 2014), pp. 1430 ) je považován za nejvýznamnějÅ¡ího malíře pravoslavných ikon a … In 1929 the icon arrived to the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow, while the copy made by Nikolai Baranov replaced the original in the iconostasis. [1] It is his most famous work[2] and the most famous of all Russian icons,[3] and it is regarded as one of the highest achievements of Russian art. Andrei Rubljow hat vermutlich vor 1405 das Mönchsgelübde abgelegt und den Namen Andrei angenommen. prawdopodobnie 29 stycznia 1430) – ruski mnich, święty Rosyjskiego Kościoła Prawosławnego, pisarz, twórca ikon.Jest uważany za najwybitniejszego przedstawiciela moskiewskiej szkoły pisania ikon. К изучению «Троицы» Андрея Рублева. It was called the "icon renewal" (Russian: поновление икон). СПб., 1863, с. [10] However, in 1998 Boris Kloss pointed out that the so-called Troitsk Story of the Siege of Kazan, written before June 1553,[24] contains a clear reference to the fact that Ivan the Terrible only "decorated" the existing icon for the Lavra.[25][26]. Art historians attribute most of the damage of the layer of paint to that period. The matter concluded with a decree published in the Rossiyskaya Gazeta, The Trinity was declared a property of the Tretyakov Gallery forever. It is the foundation of the composition. Изд. The present surface is a combination of layers created during various time periods. Текст, Лазарев В. Н. Андрей Рублев и его школа. Аверинцев, С. С. According to Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius records as of 1575, the icon was "covered with gold" at the order of Ivan the Terrible, i.e. It had to be liquidated later. Стоглав. Some details and lines were restored, others were found damaged beyond restoration.[32]. 10). There is not much historical data on the subject, and even at the beginning of the 20th century historians did not dare to claim any facts and could only make guesses and assumptions. Московская школа. In 2008 Levon Nersesyan, one of the Gallery staff members, revealed that Patriarch Alexy had requested the icon to be brought to the Lavra for the religious holiday in the summer of 2009. In 1626 Michael I ordered golden tsatas with enamel and gemstones to be added to the riza. Гуляева, Е. Ю. СПб., 1913, с. The renowned icon Gallery "MARIA RUTZ", has an extensive collection of Russian and Greek original icons from the 15th - 19th century. Januar 1430 in Moskau) war ein russischer Ikonenmaler und ist ein Heiliger der östlich-orthodoxen Kirche. Andrej Rubljov. After that The Trinity was returned to the iconostasis. It is unknown if The Trinity was created during Rublev's peak of creativity in 1408—1420 or late in his life. Januar 1430 in Moskau) war ein russischer Ikonen maler und ist ein Heiliger der östlich-orthodoxen Kirche.. Leben. М., 1970, с. Religiöse Kunst Kunst Ideen Byzantinische Kunst Ikonen Der Orthodoxen Kirche Erzengel Michael Romantische Bilder Gerahmte Kunstdrucke Kunstgeschichte Heilige Rubljow stellt die Dreifaltigkeit bewusst als Einheit dar, ohne in der Darstellung klar zwischen Gottvater, Sohn und Heiligem Geist zu differenzieren. The idea gained popularity among scholars and by 1905, it was predominate. The official version states 1411 or 1425–27. The continued changes in temperature and humidity affected its condition. As Andrei Rublev's name appeared in The Book as well, he was held in high regard among the Christian believers. Both icons are now kept in the iconostasis of the Trinity Cathedral in Sergiyev Posad. Die Kir­che sei­nes Klos­ters wurde von ihm eben­so aus­ge­malt wie im Jahr 1408 die Kir­che der Ent­schla­fung der Got­tes­mut­ter in Wla­di­mir … The damage done by pumice is especially visible on the angels' clothing and the background. ANDREJ RUBLJOV sovjetska je biografska povijesna drama iz 1966. u režiji Andreja Tarkovskog kojoj je suscenarist Andrej Končalovski. In May 2007 The Trinity was is taken out for the Europe-Russia-Europe exhibition, but a piece of the board was dislocated and had to be fixed and reinforced. Andrej Rubljov je postao monah pre 1405. i uzeo ime Andrej. (Насонов А. Н. Новые источники по истории Казанского «взятия». Jhs. The middle angel and the one on the left bless the cup with a hand gesture. [1] Valentin Yanin said: "The Trinity is an outstanding work of art, a national patrimony, which should be available to people of all beliefs regardless of their religion. Учреждения Рос. Das gleiche Motiv findet sich auch auf zahllosen weiteren Ikonen im ganzen orthodoxen Bereich. The icon is presently strengthened by shponkas, i. e. small dowels that are used specifically for icons. There was even an obvious meddling in the inner sanctum, the "face image" area, where insufficiently cleaned remains of the author's.. lines...(which were already rather schematically reproduced by the latest renewals of the 16—19th centuries) were literally rumpled and absorbed by the rigid graphics of V. P. Guryanov and his assistants. Since the 60s, specializing in antique icons it offers its customers in addition to buying and selling comprehensive expert advice and expert opinion. In the 18th century the gilded silver stamped angel attires were added. "Троица" Андрея Рублева", http://www.wellsprings.org.uk/rublevs_icon/christ.htm, http://www.wellsprings.org.uk/rublevs_icon/Spirit.htm, http://social-scope.ru/files/ARHIV/29-30.12.2014/scope_6_december.pdf#page=33, Святая Троица Андрея Рублева. Андрей Рублёв (ur. The golden riza was renewed in 1600 during the tsardom of Boris Godunov. Beuroner Kunstverlag, Beuron 2018, ISBN 978-3-87071-361-4. [9] Art critics believe that Andrei Rublev's icon was created in accordance with this concept. Anfang des 20. In den letzten Jahren seines Lebens war Rubljow ein Mönch im Moskauer Andronikow-Kloster. Wir vergleichen eine Vielzahl an Eigenarten und verleihen jedem Produkt zum Schluss die entscheidene Note. Jahrhunderts konnten manche Experten keines seiner Werke nennen. [8] There is no action or movement in the painting. журн. Dort starb er am 17. Seine Nachfolger vergaßen ihn jedoch und viele seiner Werke gingen verloren. Invited by the prior of the Trinity Lavra in the spring of 1904, Vasily Guryanov took the icon out from the iconostasis, removed the riza and then cleaned it from the "renewals" and the drying oil. Nevertheless, art critics, taking into account the style of the icon, do not consider the matter resolved. Die Ikone der Heiligen Dreifaltigkeit des Malermönchs Andrej Rubljov. The present condition of The Trinity differs from its original condition. Länge: 13 cm. Guryanov recorded the crack during his cleaning: a 1905 photograph depicts the crack as already present. [35] Most scholars agreed that the climate inside the Cathedral is completely unsuitable for the icon keeping, that candles, frankincense and the transportation could destroy it. [22], The Soviet historian Vladimir Plugin had a theory that the icon had nothing to do with Nikon of Radonezh, but was brought to the Trinity Lavra by Ivan the Terrible. Instead of dark smoky tones of drying oil and brown-toned clothing that was typical for iconography of that time, they saw bright colours and transparent clothing that reminded them of the 14th century Italian frescos and icons. Transliteration Andrej Rublëv; * um 1360; † 29. Labavo temeljen na životu Andreja Rubljova, velikog ruskog slikara ikona iz 15. stoljeća, film nastoji prikazati realističan portret srednjovjekovne Rusije. Erst­mals er­wähnt wurde er als Iko­nen­schrei­ber in der Ver­kün­di­gungs­kir­che im Kreml. "Красота изначальная." He theorized that all previous scholars after the famous historian Alexander Gorsky made the wrong assumption that Ivan the Terrible only "covered with gold" the icon that had already been kept at the Trinity Lavra. He wrote: "When the golden riza was removed from this icon, we saw a perfectly painted icon. The original wooden Trinity Church, located on the territory of the Trinity Lavra, burned down in 1411, and Nikon of Radonezh decided to build a new church. Rubljow konzentriert sich auf die Darstellung der drei Gestalten. Das hieße, als Geburtsdatum die 70er Jahre in Betracht zu ziehen. Zapravo, spadao je - jer sada živi potpuno drugačijim životom. Andrei Rubljow (russisch Андрей Рублёв, wiss. [17] Then he repainted the icon according to his own views on how it should look like. On the table, there is a cup containing the head of a calf. 1 was created in 1925. It took the main place (to the right of the royal doors) in the bottom tier of the iconostasis. The Tretyakov Gallery reported the present condition as "stable". Presently The Trinity is kept in a special glass cabinet in the museum under constant humidity and temperature conditions. The primary problem is a vertical crack passing through the surface in the front, which a rupture between the first and second ground boards at an unknown time caused. (Mt 26:39)[12] The nature of each of the three hypostases is revealed through their symbolic attributes, i.e. the frescoes in the Church of the Dormition in Gorodok. Around the cup, which is placed on the table, the silent dialogue of gestures takes place. Based on this records and Yury Olsufyev's personal observations, the summary of the works called Protocol No. In the background, Rublev painted a house (supposedly Abraham's house), a tree (the Oak of Mamre), and a mountain (Mount Moriah). Contextual translation of "rubljow" into English. Описание, история иконы, "Андрей Рублев. The Oak of Mamre can be interpreted as the tree of life,[6] and it serves as a reminder of the Jesus's death on the cross and his subsequent resurrection, which opened the way to eternal life. Florensky, Pavel A. Troitse-Sergieva Lavra i Rossiya [The Troitse-Sergiev's Lavra and Russia]. [1], There are two consecrated copies of The Trinity. By the summer of 1931 the progress of narrowing the gap via exposure to the humidity ceased. Finally, the mountain is a symbol of the spiritual ascent, which mankind accomplishes with the help of the Holy Spirit. [23] Plugin said that the icon was brought to the Lavra by Ivan himself, and that The Trinity had been created much earlier, probably 150 years prior to that date.